Nothing works past the index/main page. Am I missing anything?

I am currently migrating my website that was hosted on GoDaddy to an Amazon Linux instance. Everything has worked so far under the elastic IP that I allocated, but I haven't been able to access other pages using the domain I transferred from my original website.

I have tried to change the site address/URL structure in the Wordpress settings, but I almost broke my website(TWICE!). Should I be changing an .htaccess file instead of the native Wordpress setting?

I attached a few screenshots to this post that should give a fuller picture of my issue.

My elastic/public EC2 instance IP is: 52.26.232.168 The domain I would like to point to the IP is: artrantsbyaj.com.

Any help is greatly appreciated.

NOTE: I do not yet have enough reputation to post images yet, I apologize.